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BED FRAME

25 hours

PROJECT OVERVIEW

A queen-size bed frame with mortise and tenon joinery throughout. This large-scale project teaches furniture-grade construction and proper support systems.

MATERIALS

  • Hardwood for posts and rails: 12/4 and 8/4 stock, 60 board feet
  • Hardwood for slat supports: 1x2, 30 feet
  • Bed slats: 1x4s (14 pieces, 8 feet long)
  • Bed bolts with decorative caps (8)
  • Wood glue
  • Finish

TOOLS REQUIRED

  • Table saw
  • Jointer and planer
  • Mortiser
  • Drill press
  • Hand tools
  • Clamps

CUT LIST

PIECEQUANTITYDIMENSIONS
Posts42-1/2" x 2-1/2" x 48"
Head rail11-1/2" x 6" x 62"
Foot rail11-1/2" x 6" x 62"
Side rails21-1/2" x 6" x 82"
Slat supports43/4" x 1-1/2" x 80"

STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS

1

Mill all lumber to final dimensions.

2

Cut mortises in posts for head and foot rail tenons.

3

Cut tenons on head and foot rails.

4

Drill holes in posts and side rails for bed bolts.

5

Assemble headboard (two posts and head rail) with glue.

6

Assemble footboard (two posts and foot rail) with glue.

7

Attach slat supports to inside of side rails.

8

Connect headboard and footboard with side rails using bed bolts.

9

Cut and install bed slats across slat supports.

10

Sand all surfaces and apply finish.

11

Install decorative caps over bed bolt holes.

EXPERT TIPS

  • Use bed bolts rather than glue for side rails—allows disassembly for moving.
  • Ensure all mortise and tenon joints are snug but not forced.
  • Space bed slats no more than 3 inches apart for proper mattress support.
  • Consider adding a headboard panel for visual interest.
  • Make posts taller if you want a dramatic four-poster look.

FINISHING

Sand to 220 grit. Apply a durable finish like polyurethane or conversion varnish. For a traditional look, use an oil-based finish that will amber slightly over time. Apply 3-4 coats, sanding between coats.